Jainism
- Jainism is a religion with a strong ascetic tradition and three main principles: anekāntavāda, non-attachment (aparigraha), and ahimsa (intentional non-violence).
- Anekāntavāda states that truth and reality are complex and always have multiple aspects, and that reality can be experienced but cannot be fully expressed with language.
- Jainism teaches five ethical duties, called five vows, which include ahimsa, satya (truth), asteya (not stealing), brahmacharya (celibacy), and aparigraha (non-possessiveness).
- Jainism has a strong ascetic tradition, with practices such as nakedness, fasting, body mortification, and penance.
- Monastic organization, sangh, has a four-fold order consisting of sadhu (male ascetics), sadhvi (female ascetics), śrāvaka (laymen), and śrāvikā (laywomen).
- Jain culture is vegetarian, with devout Jains practicing lacto-vegetarianism.
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