Kunrei-shiki romanization
- Kunrei-shiki romanization is a Cabinet-ordered system for transcribing Japanese into the Latin alphabet.
- It is taught in the elementary school curriculum and standardized by ISO 3602.
- Kunrei-shiki is based on the older Nihon-shiki romanization and modified for modern standard Japanese.
- The system competes with Hepburn, which was promoted by the SCAP during the Allied occupation of Japan.
- Kunrei-shiki was officially adopted as the official system in 1937 and re-confirmed in 1954 with slight modifications.
- Hepburn is used by the Japanese government, road signage, and train signage, as well as by Western publications and English-language newspapers.
- Kunrei-shiki is better able to illustrate Japanese grammar than Hepburn, but it may cause non-native speakers to pronounce words incorrectly.
- The main users of Kunrei-shiki are native speakers of Japanese and linguists studying the language.
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